A dung beetle rolling its ball across the sand navigates by the Milky Way. The Egyptians made it a god.

They knew it was extraordinary. They just didn’t know how.

A selection of my articles, free to read online.

Vital Organs: A Re-evaluation of Ancient Egyptian Mummification · Nile Magazine, 2024

Re-examines nineteenth-century interpretations of canopic jars alongside textual evidence and modern CT imaging, arguing the Sons of Horus protected the whole body cavity rather than specific organs.

Tutankhamun: 100 Years of Forensic Investigation · Nile Magazine, 2022

A century on from the first autopsy, what four examinations of the mummy have and have not established about his health and how he died.

Fayum Mummy Portraits: Ancient Diseases Captured in the Brush Strokes of Realism · Nile Magazine #26, 2020

The haunting intensity of the eyes and the distorted features in these painted portraits offer a window into the health of people who lived nearly two thousand years ago.

Sleep and Dream Therapy in Ancient Egypt · Nile Magazine, 2019

Why the Egyptians turned to dream therapy to solve dilemmas, predict events and cure maladies, and how they guarded against nocturnal demons.

Animals in Magic and Medicine · Nile Magazine, 2019

How the evolution of animal cults and deities was shaped by the emergence of rudimentary biomedical science, from bull dissection to nature’s pharmacy.

The Celestial Scarab · Nile Magazine, 2018

What led the Egyptians to venerate the dung beetle, and how the insect’s orientation dance connects to solar worship and Egypt’s most popular amulet.

Sekhmet: Patron Goddess of Healers and Physicians · Nile Magazine, 2018

How a goddess of terror became the patron of physicians while keeping her destructive edge.

An Examination of the Death of Cleopatra and the Serpent in Myth, Magic and Medicine · Nile Magazine, 2018

Plutarch’s account tested against Egyptian ophiology and the Brooklyn Papyrus snake list.